Shloka 42

आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः

Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation

Devanagari script

यथा दारुमयो हस्ती यथा चर्ममयो मृगः । यथा हाानर्थ: षण्ढो वा पार्थ क्षेत्र यथोषरम्‌

Transliteration

yathā dārumayo hastī yathā carmamayo mṛgaḥ | yathā hānārthaḥ ṣaṇḍho vā pārtha kṣetra yathoṣaram ||

Translation

قال بهيشما: «كما أن فيلًا من خشب وغزالًا من جلد ليسا إلا صورةً بلا روح، كذلك من لا يقدر أن يُثمر نتيجةً ما إنما هو عبثٌ محض؛ وكذلك الحقل القاحل. وعلى هذا يا بارثا، فكل ما يفتقر إلى القدرة الحقيقية على إعطاء ثمرته اللائقة يُعدّ خواءً وعقمًا».

Word by Word

• यथा: just as / as
• यथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: indeclinable (comparative particle)

• दारुमयः: made of wood
• दारुमयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दारुमय
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• हस्ती: elephant
• हस्ती: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्तिन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• यथा: just as / as
• यथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: indeclinable (comparative particle)

• चर्ममयः: made of leather/skin
• चर्ममयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चर्ममय
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• मृगः: deer/animal
• मृगः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• यथा: just as / as
• यथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: indeclinable (comparative particle)

• हानार्थः: one whose purpose is harm / harmful
• हानार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हानार्थ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• षण्ढः: eunuch / impotent man
• षण्ढः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: षण्ढ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा
• Form: indeclinable (disjunctive particle)

• पार्थ: O Partha (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• क्षेत्रम्: field
• क्षेत्रम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेत्र
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• यथा: just as / as
• यथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: indeclinable (comparative particle)

• उषरम्: barren land / saline waste
• उषरम्: Karta
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: उषर
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• wooden elephant
• leather deer
• barren field (uṣara-kṣetra)