Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 34

आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः

Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation

ब्राह्मणस्त्रिषु कालेषु शस्त्र गृह्नन्न दुष्पति । आत्मत्राणे वर्णदोषे दुर्दम्यनियमेषु च,अपनी रक्षाके लिये, अन्य वर्णो्में यदि कोई बुराई आ रही हो तो उसे रोकनेके लिये तथा दुर्दान्त दुष्टोंका दमन करनेके लिये--इन तीन अवसरों पर ब्राह्मण भी शस्त्र ग्रहण करे तो उसे दोष नहीं लगता

brāhmaṇas triṣu kāleṣu śastraṃ gṛhṇan na duṣpati | ātmatrāṇe varṇadoṣe durdamyaniyameṣu ca ||

قال بهيشما: لا يلحق بالبراهمي لومٌ إذا تناول السلاح في ثلاث حالات: للدفاع عن النفس؛ ولمنع فساد نظام الطبقات (فارنا) واضطرابه إذا انحرف؛ ولردع الأشرار الجامحين الذين يصعب كبحهم وإخضاعهم. ففي هذه الاستثناءات تُعدّ القوة واجبَ حماية، لا خروجًا عن وقار البراهمي وضبطه.

ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिषुin three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
कालेषुoccasions/times
कालेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
शस्त्रम्weapon
शस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृह्णन्taking/seizing
गृह्णन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुष्पतिa bad lord/evil master (i.e., becomes blameworthy/evil)
दुष्पति:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्पति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मत्राणेin self-protection
आत्मत्राणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मत्राण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्णदोषेin (the matter of) a fault in the varṇas / social orders
वर्णदोषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्णदोष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दुर्दम्यनियमेषुin rules/disciplinary acts concerning the hard-to-subdue (wicked)
दुर्दम्यनियमेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्दम्यनियम
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmin
W
weapons (śastra)

Educational Q&A

Non-violence and restraint are normative for a Brahmin, but dharma allows exceptional recourse to weapons when the aim is protection: safeguarding oneself, preventing breakdown of the social-moral order, and restraining dangerous wrongdoers. The intent (protection and restoration of order) is central to whether the act is blameworthy.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and governance, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about when force is justified. Here he clarifies that even a Brahmin may take up arms in three specific emergencies tied to protection and the maintenance of order.