Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 5

राजधर्मः—प्रजापालनं दानयज्ञश्च

Royal Duty—Protection of Subjects, Generosity, and Sacrificial Discipline

नित्यमुद्यतदण्डश्न भवेन्मृत्युरिवारिषु । निहन्यात्‌ सर्वतो दस्यून्‌ू न कामात्‌ कस्यचित्‌ क्षमेत्‌,राजाको चाहिये कि वह शत्रुओंको यमराजकी भाँति सदा दण्ड देनेके लिये उद्यत रहे। वह डाकुओं और लुटेरोंको सब ओरसे पकड़कर मार डाले। स्वार्थवश किसी दुष्टके अपराधको क्षमा न करे

bhīṣma uvāca | nityam udyatadaṇḍaś ca bhaven mṛtyur ivāriṣu | nihanyāt sarvato dasyūṃś ca na kāmāt kasyacit kṣamet |

قال بهيشما: ينبغي للملك أن يكون دائمًا مُشهرًا سلاح العقوبة، كالموت نفسه في وجه الأعداء. وعليه أن يطارد اللصوص وقطاع الطرق من كل جهة ويقضي عليهم، وألا يعفو—بدافع الهوى أو المصلحة—عن جريمة أي رجلٍ شرير.

नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
उद्यत-दण्डःhaving the rod raised/ready to punish
उद्यत-दण्डः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यतदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृत्युःDeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अरिषुamong enemies
अरिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरी
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
निहन्यात्should strike down/kill
निहन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वतःfrom all sides/everywhere
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
दस्यून्robbers/bandits
दस्यून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कामात्out of desire/for personal motive
कामात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
कस्यचित्of anyone/anyone's
कस्यचित्:
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
क्षमेत्should forgive
क्षमेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (rājā)
E
Enemies (ari)
D
Death/Yama (mṛtyu)
B
Bandits/robbers (dasyu)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a ruler’s dharma includes firm, impartial enforcement of punishment: the king must be ever-ready to restrain enemies and eliminate banditry, and must not excuse wrongdoing out of personal desire or favoritism.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on statecraft: maintaining public order requires decisive action against criminals and consistent justice rather than indulgent pardons motivated by self-interest.