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Shloka 1

Purohita-Niyoga and the Brahma–Kṣatra Concord

Aila–Kaśyapa Saṃvāda

/ हि ही बक। हि मा मी - यस्या ग्रियते कन्याया वाचा सत्ये कृते पति: | तामनेन विधानेन निजो विन्देत देवर: ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | rājñā purohitaḥ kāryo bhaved vidvān bahuśrutaḥ | ubhau samīkṣya dharmārthāv aprameyāv anantaram ||

قال بيشما: «أيها الملك، ينبغي للحاكم أن يُسارع إلى تعيين براهميٍّ عالمٍ واسع الاطلاع على المعارف المقدسة والموروثات، ككاهنٍ ملكيّ (purohita). فإن مسالك الدارما والأرثا بالغة الدقة وعسيرة القياس؛ لذلك، بعد التمحيص في كليهما، لا يليق بالملك أن يتأخر عن طلب مثل هذه الهداية.»

राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पुरोहितःa priest (purohita)
पुरोहितः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कार्यःto be appointed / should be made
कार्यः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्learned
विद्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुश्रुतःwell-heard; very learned (much-studied)
बहुश्रुतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुश्रुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
समीक्ष्यhaving examined/considered
समीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Tumun/Lyap), Gerund (ktvā/lyap)
धर्मार्थौdharma and artha
धर्मार्थौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
अप्रमेयौimmeasurable; unfathomable
अप्रमेयौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
अनन्तरम्immediately; without delay
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
Formtrue

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the King (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied)
P
purohita (royal priest)
B
Brahmin (implied by context)

Educational Q&A

A king should promptly appoint a learned and well-versed purohita, because discerning and balancing dharma (righteous duty/order) and artha (practical welfare/policy) is subtle and difficult; wise counsel safeguards both.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma begins advising the king on the necessity of a competent royal priest—someone learned and experienced—so that royal decisions align with both ethical duty and effective statecraft.