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Shloka 28

अध्याय ७२ — राजधर्मः: प्रजारक्षण, कर-नीति, दण्ड-नीति, अमात्य-नियोजन

Chapter 72 — Royal Duty: protection of subjects, taxation, punishment, and appointments

यदल्ला कुरुते पापमरक्षन्‌ भयत: प्रजा: । राजा वर्षसहस्रेण तस्थान्तमधिगच्छति,राजा प्रजाकी भयसे रक्षा न करनेके कारण एक दिनमें जिस पापका भागी होता है, उसका परिणाम उसे एक हजार वर्षोंतक भोगना पड़ता है

yadallā kurute pāpam arakṣan bhayataḥ prajāḥ | rājā varṣasahasreṇa tasthāntam adhigacchati ||

قال بهيشما: أيُّ إثمٍ يكتسبه الملك في يومٍ واحد حين يعجز—خوفًا—عن حماية رعيته، فعليه أن يتحمّل عاقبته ألف سنة. والمغزى الأخلاقي صارم: لا تنفصل السلطة الملكية عن واجب الحماية بلا رهبة؛ وإهمال ذلك الواجب يضخّم الذنب وجزاءه.

यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अल्लाAllah (non-classical proper noun; likely a later gloss/contamination)
अल्ला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअल्ला
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुरुतेdoes, commits
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
पापम्sin, evil deed
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरक्षन्did not protect
अरक्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, अ- (augment/negative-like prefix here as a-augment of imperfect; sense: 'did not protect')
भयतःfrom fear
भयतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्षसहस्रेणby/with a thousand years
वर्षसहस्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षसहस्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तस्थौstood, remained (i.e., endures)
तस्थौ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तम्end, limit
अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधिगच्छतिreaches, attains
अधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
S
subjects/people (prajāḥ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s primary dharma is protection of the people; if he neglects it out of fear, the moral fault is grave and its karmic consequence is vastly magnified—symbolized as one day’s neglect yielding a thousand years of suffering.

In the Shanti Parva discourse on rajadharma, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira about the responsibilities of kingship, warning that failure to protect subjects—especially from cowardice—brings severe, long-lasting retribution.