Shloka 66
षाड्गुण्यं च त्रिवर्ग च त्रिवर्गपरमं तथा । यो वेत्ति पुरुषव्याप्र स भुड्क्ते पृथिवीमिमाम्
ṣāḍguṇyaṃ ca trivargaṃ ca trivargaparamaṃ tathā | yo vetti puruṣavyāghra sa bhuṅkte pṛthivīm imām ||
قال بهيشما: «يا نمرَ الرجال، إن الملك الذي يدرك حقًّا سياسةَ الستة (ṣāḍguṇya)، وغاياتِ الحياة الثلاث (trivarga)، وكذلك ما هو أسمى من تلك الغايات الثلاث—هو وحده الجدير بأن يتمتّع بهذه الأرض وأن يحكمها.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler’s legitimacy and success rest on integrated wisdom: mastery of practical statecraft (the six measures), balanced pursuit of dharma–artha–kāma, and orientation to the highest good beyond them (trivargaparamam). Such knowledge makes one truly fit to wield sovereignty.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma is advising the king (addressed as ‘puruṣavyāghra’) that only a ruler who understands both political strategy and the hierarchy of human aims is capable of properly enjoying and governing the earth.