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Shloka 80

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

एषामेकैकशोडर्थानां सौक्ष्म्यादीनां स्वलक्षणम्‌ | शृणु संसार्यमाणानां पदार्थयदवाक्यत:,ये जो सौक्ष्म्य आदि अर्थ हैं, ये पद, वाक्य, पदार्थ और वाक्यार्थरूपसे खोलकर बताये जा रहे हैं। आप इनमेंसे एक-एकका अलग-अलग लक्षण सुनिये

eṣām ekaikaśo 'rthānāṁ saukṣmyādīnāṁ svalakṣaṇam | śṛṇu saṁsāryamāṇānāṁ padārthayad avākyataḥ ||

قال بهيشما: «والآن فاسمع العلامات الفارقة التي تُعرِّف كلَّ واحدٍ من هذه المعاني، ابتداءً بالدقّة. إذ ستُبسط وتُكشف عبر الألفاظ، والجُمَل، ومعاني الألفاظ، والمعنى الذي تؤدّيه الجملة بأسرها، فاستمع إليها واحدًا واحدًا.»

एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
एकैकof each one (severally)
एकैक:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
षोडशsixteen
षोडश:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडश
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अर्थानाम्of the meanings/entities
अर्थानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सौक्ष्म्यsubtlety
सौक्ष्म्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसौक्ष्म्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
आदीनाम्and the like (etc.)
आदीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
FormUsed in the sense of 'etc.'; here with genitive plural ending by usage in compounds/elliptic construction
स्वलक्षणम्its own defining characteristic
स्वलक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
शृणुhear (listen)
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
संसार्यमाणानाम्of those being set forth/expounded
संसार्यमाणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसार्य (from धातु √सृ/√सार् with सम्-; causative/passive participial formation)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural, Present passive participle (मान)
पदby words
पद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपद
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अर्थby meanings/senses
अर्थ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यत्by which
यत्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाक्यतःfrom/according to the sentence (as a whole)
वाक्यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवाक्य
FormAblative adverbial form in -तः

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma introduces a method of precise understanding: concepts like “subtlety” are to be grasped through their individual definitions, and clarified via levels of linguistic meaning—word, sentence, word-meaning, and sentence-meaning.

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Bhishma signals a transition into detailed exposition, inviting the listener to attend as he explains each concept systematically and defines it distinctly.