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Shloka 102

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

नित्यं तदाहुर्विद्वांस: शुचि तस्माच्छुचिर्भव । दीयते यच्च लभते दत्तं यच्चानुमन्यते

nityaṃ tad āhur vidvāṃsaḥ śuci tasmāc chucir bhava | dīyate yac ca labhate dattaṃ yac cānumanyate |

قال بهيشما: «إن الحكماء يصفون ذلك (البرهمان) على الدوام بأنه طاهر؛ فبمعرفته تصير أنت أيضًا طاهرًا. ما يُعطى، ومن ينال ما أُعطي، ومن يقرّ فعل العطاء—كل ذلك، مع المُعطي والآخذ، هو في الحقيقة ذلك الذات العليا غير المتجلّية. فالسموّ الأعلى هو الذي يعطي، وهو الذي يتلقّى.»

नित्यम्always, eternally
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
आहुःsay, declare
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू/वद्-अर्थे)
Formperfect (लिट्), 3, plural, parasmaipada
विद्वांसःthe learned (men)
विद्वांसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
शुचिpure (as a thing/quality)
शुचि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
शुचिःpure (you)
शुचिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवbecome, be
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formimperative (लोट्), 2, singular, parasmaipada
दीयतेis given
दीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formpresent (लट्), 3, singular, ātmanepada (passive)
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लभतेobtains, receives
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formpresent (लट्), 3, singular, ātmanepada
दत्तम्given (thing), a gift
दत्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदत्त (दा-कृदन्त)
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुमन्यतेapproves, consents to
अनुमन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + मन्
Formpresent (लट्), 3, singular, ātmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brahman
P
Paramātmā (unmanifest Supreme Self)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that true purity arises from knowing Brahman/Paramātmā, and that in the act of charity the giver, the gift, the receiver, and even the approver are ultimately expressions of the unmanifest Supreme Self—so giving should be done with reverence and non-ego.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues his discourse to Yudhiṣṭhira, framing dāna (charity) within a metaphysical vision: all agents and elements of giving are grounded in Paramātmā, encouraging ethical action purified of pride and possessiveness.