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Shloka 19

Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda

Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped

क्षरो भवत्येष यदा तदा गुणवतीमथ । प्रकृतिं त्वभिजानाति निर्गुणत्वं तथा55त्मन:,जब यह पुरुष क्षर होता है, अर्थात्‌ परमात्मामें लीन हो जाता है, उस समय वह प्रकृतिके सगुणत्वको और अपने निर्गुणत्वको यथार्थ समझ लेता है

kṣaro bhavaty eṣa yadā tadā guṇavatīm atha | prakṛtiṁ tv abhijānāti nirguṇatvaṁ tathātmanaḥ ||

قال فاسيشثا: «حين يصير هذا الإنسان “كشَرًا” (قابلاً للفناء)—أي حين يذوب في الذات العُليا—يدرك إدراكًا جليًّا أن الطبيعة (براكْرِتي) ذات غونات، ويدرك كذلك أن ذاته الحقيقية متجاوزة للغونات حقًّا. وتشير التعاليم إلى صفاءٍ أخلاقي: فالتحرّر لا يكون بإنكار صفات العالم، بل بتمييز أن الغونات لبراكْرِتي، وأن الذات الأعمق تبقى غير ممسوسة».

क्षरःthe perishable (state/being)
क्षरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
गुणवतीम्possessed of qualities (saguṇa)
गुणवतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
प्रकृतिम्Prakriti, nature
प्रकृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
अभिजानातिfully knows/recognizes
अभिजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ज्ञा (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निर्गुणत्वम्quality-less state (nirguṇatva)
निर्गुणत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्गुणत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
P
prakṛti
Ā
ātman
G
guṇas

Educational Q&A

Right discernment (viveka): prakṛti is inherently guṇa-made (saguṇa), while the true Self is nirguṇa. Liberation is described as merging into the Supreme, where this distinction becomes directly known.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing on liberation and metaphysical discrimination: as the individual’s identity with change falls away and he becomes absorbed in the Supreme, he recognizes the guṇas as belonging to prakṛti and realizes the Self’s qualityless nature.