Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 27

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

एवमप्यनुमानेन हालिड्रमुपल भ्यते । पजञ्चविंशतिमस्तात लिड्लेषु नियतात्मक:

evam apy anumānena hālīdram upalabhyate | pañcaviṁśatim astāt liṅgeṣu niyatātmakaḥ ||

قال فاسيشثا: «وكذلك، بالاستدلال يُدرَكُ الآتمانُ الخالصُ، وعيٌ محضٌ متميّزٌ عن جميع “العلامات” (ليṅغا). فكما أن الشمس، لأنها تُنير المرئيات، يُفهَم أنها غيرُ الأشياء المرئية، كذلك الآتمان—وطبيعته عينُ المعرفة—قائمٌ على غيرِ كلِّ معلومٍ لأنه هو الذي يكشفه. يا بُنيّ، ذلك الآتمان هو المبدأ الخامس والعشرون، الساري في جميع أحوال التجلّي بالجسد سريانًا ثابتًا دائمًا.»

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुमानेनby inference
अनुमानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हालिड्रम्turmeric (yellow pigment)
हालिड्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहालिड्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपलभ्यतेis obtained / is apprehended
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive, Third, Singular
पञ्चविंशतिम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अस्तात्may be / should be
अस्तात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
लिङ्गेषुin the marks/bodies (liṅgas)
लिङ्गेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
नियतात्मकःhaving a fixed/constant nature
नियतात्मकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
Ā
ātman (Self)
S
sūrya (sun) (implied by the Hindi gloss)
H
hālīdra (turmeric)

Educational Q&A

The Self (ātman/puruṣa) is not an object among objects; it is the illuminator of all knowables. Therefore it is known not by direct sensory grasp but by inference—recognizing that whatever is revealed requires a revealer. This Self is identified as the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) that pervades all embodied states.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing a listener (addressed affectionately as ‘dear one’) in discriminative knowledge: distinguishing consciousness from the ‘liṅgas’—the marks or constituents associated with embodiment. He uses an inference-based analogy (and, in the accompanying gloss, the sun’s illumination) to argue that the knower is distinct from the known.