Shloka 4
Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle
Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification
एवं तस्य प्रवृत्तस्य नित्यमेवानुपश्यत: । रागद्वेषौ विवर्धेते हानित्यत्वमपश्यत:,इस प्रकार प्रवृत्तिमार्गमें रहकर वह नित्य ही उन वस्तुओंको देखता है, किंतु उनकी अनित्यताकी ओर उसकी दृष्टि नहीं जाती; इसलिये उसके मनमें इनके प्रति राग और द्वेष बढ़ने लगते हैं
evaṁ tasya pravṛttasya nityam evānupaśyataḥ | rāga-dveṣau vivardhete hānityatvam apaśyataḥ ||
إذا لزم المرءُ طريقَ الانشغال بالأعمال الظاهرة، وظلّ يحدّق على الدوام في موضوعات الحواس، ثم لم يُبصر عدمَ دوامها، نَمَتْ في داخله المحبّةُ والنفورُ على مهلٍ وثبات. وبإغفال الفناء، تُقيَّد النفسُ بالأهواء من حبٍّ وبغض، لا بالبصيرة والتمييز.
पराशर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Continual fixation on objects without insight into their impermanence strengthens rāga (attachment) and dveṣa (aversion). Ethical and spiritual clarity arises from seeing transience; otherwise the mind becomes reactive, driven by likes and dislikes.
Parāśara is explaining a psychological-spiritual mechanism: a person who stays in pravṛtti (worldly engagement) keeps observing desirable and undesirable objects, but because he does not perceive their anityatva (impermanence), his inner tendencies of attachment and aversion increase.