Shloka 46
Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech
“जो मनुष्य शास्त्रोंक अध्ययन तथा लौकिक अनुभवसे भी ज्ञानसम्पन्न होकर समस्त मानव-जगत्को सारहीन-सा देखता है, वह सब प्रकारसे मुक्त ही है' ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | yo manuṣyaḥ śāstrādhyayana-tathā laukika-anubhavād api jñāna-sampannaḥ san samasta-mānava-jagat sārahīnam iva paśyati, sa sarvathā mukta eva | etat śrutvā mama vaco bhavān varatu muktavat | gārhasthye yadi vā mokṣe kṛtā buddhir aviklavā ||
قال بهيشما: «من اغتنى فهماً بدراسة الشاسترا (śāstra) وبالتجربة الدنيوية أيضاً، حتى رأى عالم البشر كلَّه كأنه خالٍ من جوهرٍ باقٍ—فهو، من كل وجه، حرٌّ بالفعل. فإذا سمعتَ قولي هذا فاسلك مسلكَ المُتحرِّر: سواء أقمتَ في طريق ربّ البيت (gārhasthya) أم توجهتَ إلى الموكشا (mokṣa)، فلتكن عزيمتُك ثابتةً لا تضطرب.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
True freedom arises when knowledge—grounded in both scripture and lived experience—reveals the impermanent, non-essential nature of worldly human pursuits. With that insight, one can live as liberated, whether in household duties or in a direct pursuit of moksha, provided one’s resolve remains steady.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma addresses his listener with counsel: after hearing his teaching, the listener should live with the composure of a liberated person, choosing either the householder path or the path of liberation, but maintaining unwavering discernment.