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Shloka 46

जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः

Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry

यत्‌ करोति बहुदोषमेकत- स्तच्च दूषयति यत्पुरा कृतम्‌ । नाप्रियं तदुभयं करोत्यसौ यच्च दूषयति यत्‌ करोति च,अज्ञानावस्थामें मनुष्य जो अनेक दोषसे युक्त कर्म करता है और वह पहलेके जो कर्म कर चुका है, उनके लिये शोक करता है। इसके सिवा अज्ञानावस्थामें जो वह दूसरेके किये हुए अप्रिय कर्मको दोषरूपमें देखता है और राग आदि दोषके कारण स्वयं जो दूषित कर्म करता है, वह दोनों ही प्रकारका कार्य वह ज्ञान होनेके बाद नहीं करता है

yat karoti bahudoṣam ekataḥ tac ca dūṣayati yat purā kṛtam | nāpriyaṃ tad ubhayaṃ karoty asau yac ca dūṣayati yat karoti ca ||

قال بهيشما: «كل ما يفعله المرء في حال الجهل—أعمالًا مثقلة بكثير من العيوب—وكل ما يعود فيذمّه بعد ذلك على أنه خطأ، حتى أفعاله التي صنعها من قبل: إذا نهضت المعرفة لم يعد يرتكب أيًّا من النوعين. فلا يفعل ما يُلام عليه، ولا يعود إلى النمط المزدوج: أن يأتي فعلًا ملوّثًا ثم يعيبه.»

यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes
करोति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहु-दोषम्full of many faults
बहु-दोषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु + दोष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एकतःon one side / in one way
एकतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएकतः
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दूषयतिblames / censures
दूषयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदूष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुराformerly / earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रियम्unpleasant / disagreeable
अप्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उभयम्both (kinds)
उभयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes
करोति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
असौthat person / he
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद् (अदस्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दूषयतिblames / censures
दूषयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदूष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes
करोति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Ignorance leads to faulty actions and to the habit of blaming—both one’s past deeds and objectionable deeds in general—while still acting under the same defects. With the rise of true knowledge, a person abandons both: he neither performs blameworthy acts nor remains trapped in the cycle of doing wrong and then condemning it.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhishma explains to Yudhishthira how inner transformation occurs: when ignorance is replaced by knowledge, one’s behavior changes, and the earlier patterns of defective action and reactive censure no longer persist.