Shloka 40
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
स्वभावसिद्धमेवैतद् यदिमान् सृजते गुणान् | ऊर्णनाभिर्य था सूत्र विज्ञेयास्तन्तुवद् गुणा:,जैसे मकड़ी जाला बुनती है, उसी प्रकार बुद्धि गुणोंकी सृष्टि करती है--यह स्वभावसिद्ध है। अतएव गुणोंको जालेके समान और बुद्धिको मकड़ीके समान जानना चाहिये
svabhāva-siddham evaitad yad imān sṛjate guṇān | ūrṇanābhir yathā sūtraṁ vijñeyās tantuvad guṇāḥ ||
هذا مما تقرّره الطبيعة نفسها: فـ«البُدْهي» (العقل) يُنشئ هذه الصفات (الغونات). وكما تُخرج العنكبوت خيطها، كذلك تُفهم الغونات خيوطًا—منبثقة من العقل ذاته—تُنسَج منها شبكة التجربة والسلوك.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that the guṇas (the fundamental qualities/constituents shaping behavior and experience) arise naturally and are projected from the inner instrument—here expressed as ‘intellect’—just as a spider spins thread from itself. The ethical implication is that one should look inward to understand the source of one’s dispositions and not treat them as merely imposed from outside.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented philosophy. Here he uses a vivid analogy—spider and thread—to explain how the guṇas are generated and how the world of experience is ‘woven,’ supporting the broader teaching on discerning the self from nature and its qualities.