Shloka 19

Viṣṇor Māhātmya and Indriya-saṃyama (विष्णोर्माहात्म्यं तथा इन्द्रियसंयमः)

Devanagari script

ततस्तं भगवान्‌ धर्मो यज्ञं याजयत: स्वयम्‌ । समाधान च भार्याया लेभे स तपसा परम्‌

Transliteration

tatastaṁ bhagavān dharmo yajñaṁ yājayataḥ svayam | samādhānaṁ ca bhāryāyā lebhe sa tapasā param ||

Translation

ثم إن الربَّ المبارك دارما نفسه جعله يقيم قربانًا. وبعد ذلك، وبنسكٍ أسمى، نال أتمَّ صفاءٍ وحسمًا في شأن حالة عقل زوجته—فاستيقن يقينًا راسخًا أن العنف يجلب ضررًا عظيمًا، وأن اللاعنف هو الوسيلة العليا إلى الخير الحق.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine accusative singular

• भगवान्: the blessed/lordly one
• भगवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भगवत्
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• धर्मः: Dharma (personified)
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: masculine accusative singular

• याजयतः: of (him) who was causing (a sacrifice) to be performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: याजयत् (causative present participle of √यज्)
• Form: masculine genitive singular (present active participle used adjectivally: 'of (him) causing to sacrifice')

• स्वयम्: himself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्
• Form: indeclinable

• समाधानम्: resolution/settled understanding
• समाधानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समाधान
• Form: neuter accusative singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable

• भार्यायाः: of (his) wife
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: feminine genitive singular

• लेभे: obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: √लभ्
• Form: perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada (usage), 'obtained'

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine nominative singular

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: neuter instrumental singular

• परम्: supreme/excellent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: neuter accusative singular (agreeing with समाधानम्)

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dharma (personified deity)
• Narada (speaker, per metadata)
• the sacrificer (unnamed in the verse)
• wife (bhāryā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links ritual and ascetic discipline to ethical insight: through tapas one gains firm inner resolution, culminating in the recognition that violence leads to great harm and that non-violence (ahiṁsā) is the highest means to genuine welfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dharma, revered as a divine authority on righteousness, personally arranges/causes a sacrifice to be performed. After this, the individual attains supreme mental clarity through austerity, arriving at a settled understanding aligned with his wife’s disposition and with the ethical conclusion favoring non-violence.