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Shloka 8

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

इन्द्रियाणां तु सर्वेषां वश्यात्मा चलितस्मृति: । आत्मन: सम्प्रदानेन मर्त्यों मृत्युमुपा श्वुते,जिसका मन सम्पूर्ण इन्द्रियोंके वशमें होता है, वह मनुष्य विवेक-शक्तिको खो देता है और अपनेको काम आदि शत्रुओंके हाथोंमें सौंपकर मृत्युका कष्ट भोगता है व्यास उवाच एतत्‌ ते वर्तयिष्यामि यथावदनुपूर्वश: । शृणु तत्‌ त्वमिहैकाग्रो यथातत्त्वं यथा च तत्‌ व्यासजीने कहा--बेटा! मैं इस विषयका क्रमशः और यथावत्‌रूपसे प्रतिपादन करूँगा। यह समस्त विषय तत्त्वतः जैसा है, वह सब तुम यहाँ एकाग्रचित्त होकर सुनो

vyāsa uvāca | indriyāṇāṁ tu sarveṣāṁ vaśyātmā calitasmṛtiḥ | ātmanaḥ sampradānena martyo mṛtyum upāśnute | etat te vartayiṣyāmi yathāvad anupūrvaśaḥ | śṛṇu tat tvam ihaikāgro yathātattvaṁ yathā ca tat |

قال فياسا: إذا خضع باطنُ الإنسان لسلطان الحواسّ كلّها اضطربت ذاكرته وتمييزه. وبإلقاء نفسه—وبالتنازل عن زمام الفعل—في أيدي أعدائه الباطنين كالشهوة، يذوق الفاني عذاب الموت. لذلك سأبيّن لك هذا بيانًا صحيحًا وعلى الترتيب. فاستمع هنا بقلبٍ واحد، كما هي حقيقة الأمر على ما هي عليه.

इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
वश्यात्माone whose self is under control (i.e., controlled by them)
वश्यात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवश्यात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चलितस्मृतिःwith disturbed memory
चलितस्मृतिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचलितस्मृति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सम्प्रदानेनby handing over/surrendering
सम्प्रदानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मर्त्यःa mortal/man
मर्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाश्नुतेattains/experiences
उपाश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + अश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
व्यासःVyasa
व्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
वर्तयिष्यामिI will relate/expound
वर्तयिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (caus. वर्तय्)
FormSimple Future, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथावत्properly/as it is
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
अनुपूर्वशःin due order, sequentially
अनुपूर्वशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुपूर्वशस्
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (teaching)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
इहhere/in this matter
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
एकाग्रःsingle-pointed, attentive
एकाग्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकाग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथातत्त्वम्according to reality/truth
यथातत्त्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथातत्त्व
यथाas/how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (indeed)
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

If the self becomes ruled by the senses, one’s smṛti—mindful recollection and moral discernment—gets disturbed. Losing inner governance, a person effectively hands himself over to inner enemies like desire, which leads to ruin and the suffering associated with death. The remedy implied is sense-restraint and steady, attentive understanding of truth.

Vyāsa is addressing a listener in an instructional setting within the Śānti Parva. He states a moral-psychological principle about sense-dominance and its consequences, then promises to explain the topic systematically and urges the listener to hear with focused attention.