Shloka 5

एकश्चरति य: पश्यन्‌ न जहाति न हीयते । अनग्निरनिकेतश्न ग्राममन्नार्थमा श्रयेत्‌,जो आत्मतत्त्वका साक्षात्कार करके एकाकी विचरता रहता है, वह सर्वव्यापी होनेके कारण न तो स्वयं किसीका त्याग करता है और न दूसरे ही उसका त्याग करते हैं। संन्यासी कभी न तो अग्निकी स्थापना करे और न घर या मठ ही बनाकर रहे; केवल भिक्षा लेनेके लिये ही गाँवमें जाय

ekaś carati yaḥ paśyan na jahāti na hīyate | anagnir aniketaś ca grāmam annārtham āśrayet ||

قال فياسا: «من أبصر الحقيقة وساح وحيدًا لا يهجر أحدًا ولا يهجره أحد—لأنه، لكونه شاملًا لكل شيء، يتجاوز قيود التملّك والنبذ المألوفة. ولا ينبغي للمتخلّي أن يُقيم نارًا مقدّسة، ولا أن يستقرّ ببناء بيت أو دير؛ وليدخل القرية لطلب الصدقة من الطعام فحسب.»

एकःalone, solitary
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरतिwalks, wanders, lives
चरति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पश्यन्seeing, observing
पश्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जहातिabandons, gives up
जहाति:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
nor, not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेis diminished, is left/abandoned
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/mediopassive sense
अनग्निःwithout (sacred) fire
अनग्निः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनिकेतशःhomeless, without a dwelling
अनिकेतशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिकेतश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ग्रामम्village
ग्रामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्नार्थम्for the sake of food
अन्नार्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्नार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रयेत्should resort to, should go to
आश्रयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Atmanepada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
village (grāma)
S
sacred fire (agni)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the ideal of a self-realized renunciant: living without attachment, not defining relationships through possession or rejection, and maintaining radical simplicity—no ritual fire, no fixed residence—approaching society only to receive alms.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Vyāsa describes the conduct (ācāra) of a true saṃnyāsin: solitary wandering grounded in insight, and a disciplined lifestyle that avoids settling down or engaging in household/ritual obligations.