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Shloka 8

महाभूत–इन्द्रिय–मनस्–बुद्धि–अन्तरात्मा विवेकः | Discrimination of Elements, Senses, Mind, Intellect, and Inner Self

वानप्रस्थाश्रमेडप्येता श्वतस््रो वृत्तय: स्मृता: । सद्य:प्रक्षालका: केचित्‌ केचिन्मासिकसंचया:,वानप्रस्थ-आश्रममें भी चार प्रकारकी वृत्तियाँ मानी गयी हैं। कोई उतने ही अन्नका संग्रह करते हैं कि तुरंत बना-खाकर बर्तनको धो-माँजकर साफ कर लें अर्थात्‌ वे दूसरे दिनके लिये कुछ नहीं बचाते। कुछ दूसरे लोग वे हैं, जो एक महीनेके लिये अनाजका संग्रह करते हैं

vyāsa uvāca | vānaprasthāśrame 'py etāś catasro vṛttayaḥ smṛtāḥ | sadyaḥprakṣālakāḥ kecit kecin māsikasañcayāḥ ||

قال فياسا: حتى في مرحلة ساكن الغابة (فانابراستا vānaprastha) تُعترف أربعةُ أنماطٍ للمعاش. فمنهم «مَن يُنظِّف فورًا»—يجمع من الحبوب قدر ما يُطبخ ويُؤكل في الحال، ثم يغسل الأواني من ساعته ولا يُبقي شيئًا لليوم التالي. وآخرون، على النقيض، يدّخرون مؤونة تكفي شهرًا.

वानप्रस्थाश्रमेin the vanaprastha-āśrama (forest-dweller stage)
वानप्रस्थाश्रमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थ-आश्रम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एताःthese
एताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
चतस्रःfour
चतस्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वृत्तयःmodes of livelihood/practices
वृत्तयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
स्मृताःare remembered/are prescribed
स्मृताः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः
प्रक्षालकाःthose who wash/clean (i.e., who do not store; ‘immediate-cleaners’)
प्रक्षालकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रक्षालक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्some
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्others (some)
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मासिकmonthly
मासिक:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमासिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सञ्चयाःaccumulators/storers (those who store)
सञ्चयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसञ्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
Vānaprastha-āśrama

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches disciplined livelihood in the vānaprastha stage: one should regulate consumption and storage, practicing restraint and simplicity. Different accepted ‘vṛttis’ exist, ranging from taking only what is needed for the day to keeping a limited, time-bound store (e.g., a month), emphasizing moderation rather than indulgent accumulation.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa enumerates recognized practices for forest-dwellers. Here he begins listing types of subsistence, contrasting those who do not keep leftovers with those who maintain a monthly stock, as part of a broader classification of ascetic conduct.