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Shloka 7

कर्मविद्या-भेदः

Karma–Vidyā Distinction: Paths of Bondage and Release

अपामपि गुणं॑ तात ज्योतिराददते यदा | आपस्तदा त्वात्तगुणा ज्योति:षूपरमन्ति वै,वत्स! तदनन्तर तेज जलके गुण रसको ग्रहण कर लेता है और रसहीन जल तेजमें लीन हो जाता है

apām api guṇaṃ tāta jyotir ādadate yadā | āpas tadā tvāttaguṇā jyotiḥṣu uparamanti vai, vatsa |

قال فياسا: «يا بُنيّ، حين يأخذ النار حتى خاصية الماء، فإن المياه—وقد سُلبت خاصيتها—تسكن حقًا (تُمتصّ) في النار، يا ولدي». وفي السياق الأخلاقي-الفلسفي يبيّن البيت كيف يمكن لمبدأ ألطف أو أشد قوة أن يستولي على الخاصية المُعرِّفة لعنصر آخر؛ فإذا نُزعت تلك الخاصية زال قيامه المستقل وقيل إنه اندمج في الآخر، تصويرًا للانحلال والاعتماد وتراتبية مكوّنات العالم.

अपाम्of waters
अपाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
गुणम्quality/property
गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one/father (voc.)
तात:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ज्योतिःfire/light
ज्योतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आददतेtakes/appropriates
आददते:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (आ + दा)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
आपःwaters
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
त्वात्तगुणाःhaving their quality taken away
त्वात्तगुणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वात्त-गुण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ज्योतिषुinto/in the fires (lights)
ज्योतिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
उपरमन्तिcease/come to rest (are absorbed)
उपरमन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootरम् (उप + रम्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वत्सdear child (voc.)
वत्स:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
W
water (āpaḥ)
F
fire/light (jyotiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a model of dissolution and dependence: when a dominant principle (here, fire/light) takes over the defining quality (guṇa) of another (water), the latter—deprived of its own defining attribute—loses separate status and is said to merge into the former. It supports a broader ethical-philosophical point in Śānti Parva about understanding constituents of reality and cultivating detachment from what is transient and derivative.

Vyāsa addresses a disciple/son affectionately (“tāta”, “vatsa”) and explains, through elemental imagery, how one element can absorb another during processes of transformation or dissolution: fire takes the ‘quality’ of water, and water, having lost that quality, subsides into fire.