Shloka 52
योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः
Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction
Devanagari script
युवानश्न समासीना वृद्धानपि गतान् सतः । नाभ्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्यां यथापूर्वमपूजयन्,ऊँचे आसनोंपर बैठे हुए नवयुवक दैत्य बड़े-बूढ़ोंके आ जानेपर भी पहलेकी भाँति न तो उठकर खड़े होते हैं और न प्रणाम करके ही उनका आदर-सत्कार करते हैं
Transliteration
yuvānaś ca samāsīnā vṛddhān api gatān sataḥ | nābhyutthānābhivādābhyāṁ yathāpūrvam apūjayan ||
Translation
يجلس الشبان من الآسورا على مقاعد عالية، فإذا قدم الشيوخ والأكابر من أهل الصلاح لم يكرموهم كما كانوا من قبل: لا ينهضون لاستقبالهم ولا يحيّونهم بتحية احترام.
Word by Word
युवानःyoung men
युवानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुवन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अश्नन्eating
अश्नन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, present active participle used predicatively (शतृ-प्रत्यय), agreeing with युवानः
समासीनाःseated
समासीनाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमासीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, past participle (क्त) from सम्-आस्
वृद्धान्the elders
वृद्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
गतान्who have come/arrived
गतान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, past participle (क्त) from गम्
सतःgood/respectable (persons)
सतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, used adjectivally: 'good, respectable' (acc. pl. satān expected; epic usage/orthography varies)
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अभ्युत्थानby rising (standing up)
अभ्युत्थान:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्युत्थान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular, in compound instrumental with -आभ्याम
अभिवादby salutation/greeting
अभिवाद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिवाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, in compound instrumental with -आभ्याम
आभ्याम्by the two (means)
आभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्वि (instrumental dual ending)
FormInstrumental, Dual, instrumental dual ending governing the dvandva pair: अभ्युत्थान- and अभिवाद-
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
पूर्वम्formerly/before
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
Formadverbial accusative
अपुजयन्they did not honor/respect
अपुजयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
Speaker
शक्र उवाच
Characters & Entities
Ś
Śakra (Indra)Y
youths (young men)E
elders/seniors (vṛddhāḥ)T
the virtuous/good (santaḥ)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes