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Shloka 105

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

स्पृहामोहाभिमानेषु लोक: सक्तो विमुहति । “लोग ईर्ष्या, अभिमान, लोभ, काम, क्रोध, भय, स्पृहा, मोह और अभिमानमें फँसकर अपना विवेक खो बैठे हैं ।।

bhīṣma uvāca |

spṛhā-mohābhimāneṣu lokaḥ sakto vimuhyati |

bhavāṁs tu bhāva-tattva-jño vidvān jñāna-tapo'nvitaḥ ||

قال بهيشما: «إن الناس، لتعلّقهم بالتشوّف (السُّپْرِها)، والوهم، والزهو بالنفس، يتيهون ويخسرون ملكة التمييز. أمّا أنت فعارفٌ بحقيقة الأشياء—عالمٌ، موفورُ المعرفة والزهد (التَّپَس)—تبصر أعمال الزمان بجلاء، وتحكم على الواقع بفهمٍ ثابت. وخلاصة العبرة الأخلاقية: أن القيد ينشأ من الآفات الباطنة، بينما تنشأ الصفاءُ وحُسنُ الحكم من معرفةٍ مُهذَّبة ومن ضبط النفس.»

स्पृहाin longing/desire
स्पृहा:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्पृहा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
मोहin delusion
मोह:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अभिमानin pride/egoism
अभिमान:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमान
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एषुin these
एषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
लोकःthe world/people
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सक्तःattached, clinging
सक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विमुह्यतिis bewildered, becomes deluded
विमुह्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
L
loka (the people/the world)

Educational Q&A

Attachment to craving, delusion, and ego makes people lose discernment; wisdom arises from knowledge, austerity, and mastery over the mind, which enables one to see reality (and Time’s movement) clearly.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma contrasts the confused condition of ordinary people with the elevated insight of his listener, praising him as a knower of truth and fit to understand subtle principles.