Shloka 11
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
तत्र विज्ञानसंयुक्ता त्रिविधा चेतना ध्रुवा । सुखदु:खेति यामाहुरदुः:खामसुखेति च
tatra vijñānasaṁyuktā trividhā cetanā dhruvā | sukhaduḥkheti yām āhur aduḥkhām asukheti ca ||
قال بهيشما: «في هذا الباب، تكونُ الشعورية إذا اقترنت بالمعرفة التمييزية (فيجنانا) ثابتةً على ثلاثة أنحاء. يصفها الحكماء بأنها: (1) ما يذوق اللذة والألم، و(2) ما هو منزَّه عن الألم، و(3) ما هو خالٍ من اللذة—وبذلك يميّزون استجابات الذهن بحسب ما ينبغي قبوله أو رفضه أو إهماله.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma classifies consciousness, when guided by discernment (vijñāna), into three stable modes: one that undergoes pleasure and pain, one that is free from pain, and one that is without pleasure—pointing to ethical discrimination in relation to objects as acceptable, rejectable, or to be treated with equanimity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues a philosophical-ethical exposition, explaining how the mind’s awareness functions in different experiential modes and how discernment shapes one’s engagement with worldly objects.