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Shloka 15

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

कर्मणा बीजभूतेन चोद्यते यद्‌ यदिन्द्रियम्‌ । जायते तदहड्कारादू रागयुक्तेन चेतसा

karmaṇā bījabhūtena codyate yad yad indriyam | jāyate tad ahaṅkārād rāgayuktena cetasā ||

قال بهيشما: أيّ ملكةٍ حسّية تُدفَع إلى الفعل بوساطة الكارما التي صارت بذرة، فإن تلك الملكة بعينها تتجلّى عبر الأنا (ahaṃkāra) حين يقترن الذهن بالتعلّق. وهكذا تتشكّل الخبرة المتجسّدة: فالفعل الماضي يمدّ ببذرة العلّة، بينما فكرة «أنا» والذهن المسوق بالشهوة يُخرجان أنماطًا مخصوصة من الإدراك والتعامل.

कर्मणाby/through action (karma)
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
बीजभूतेनhaving become (serving as) a seed
बीजभूतेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबीजभूत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उद्यतेis impelled/urged
उद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + यम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Passive, Third, Singular
यत्which/whatever
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्which/whatever
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रियम्sense-organ/faculty
इन्द्रियम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जायतेis born/arises
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अहङ्कारात्from egoism (ahaṅkāra)
अहङ्कारात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअहङ्कार
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
रागयुक्तेनwith a mind joined to attachment
रागयुक्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootरागयुक्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चेतसाby the mind
चेतसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचेतस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a causal chain: karmic impressions act as the seed, but the actual arising and functioning of the senses is mediated by egoism (ahaṅkāra) and a mind colored by attachment (rāga). Ethical progress therefore requires weakening attachment and ego-identification, not merely changing external actions.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhīṣma explains to the listener how embodied experience is generated. He analyzes the psychological and karmic conditions by which particular sense-activities arise, framing it as guidance for self-control and liberation-oriented conduct.