Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 8

Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati

Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal

गुरुउ्वाच शृणु शिष्य महाप्राज्ञ ब्रह्मगुह्ममिदं परम्‌ । अध्यात्मं सर्वविद्यानामागमानां च यद्धसु,गुरुने कहा--वत्स! सुनो। महामते! तुमने जो बात पूछी है, वह वेदोंका उत्तम एवं गूढ़ रहस्य है। यही अध्यात्मतत्त्व है तथा यही समस्त विद्याओं और शास्त्रोंका सर्वस्व है जैसे ऋतु-परिवर्तनके साथ ही भिन्न-भिन्न ऋतुओंके नाना प्रकारके वे-ही-वे लक्षण प्रकट होते रहते हैं, वैसे ही प्रत्येक कल्पके आरम्भमें पूर्व कल्पोंके अनुसार तदनुरूप भावोंकी अभिव्यक्ति होती रहती है ।। अथ यद्यद्‌ यदा भाति कालयोगाद्‌ू युगादिषु | तत्‌ तदुत्पद्यते ज्ञानं लोकयात्राविधानजम्‌

guruḥ uvāca: śṛṇu śiṣya mahāprājña brahma-guhyam idaṁ param | adhyātmaṁ sarva-vidyānām āgamānāṁ ca yad dhruvam || atha yad-yad yadā bhāti kāla-yogād yugādiṣu | tat-tad utpadyate jñānaṁ loka-yātrā-vidhāna-jam ||

قال المعلّم: «اسمعْ، أيها التلميذ ذو الفهم العظيم. إن ما سألتَ عنه هو السرّ الأسمى والخفيّ لبراهمان. وهو مبدأ الذات الباطنة (أدهياتما)، ولبُّ جميع المعارف وجوهرُ التقاليد المقدّسة الثابت. وكلّ ما يظهر في أيّ وقت—بحكم اقتران الزمان، عند مطالع العصور—تنبثق المعرفة الموافقة له مرارًا وتكرارًا، مولودةً من نظام مسير العالم ومن حاجات الكائنات إلى المعاش.»

athanow/then
atha:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha
yatwhatever (that which)
yat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
yatwhatever
yat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
yadāwhen
yadā:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā
bhātishines/appears
bhāti:
TypeVerb
Rootbhā
Formpresent, 3, singular, parasmaipada
kāla-yogātfrom the conjunction/operation of time
kāla-yogāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootkāla-yoga
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
yuga-ādiṣuin the yugas and the like
yuga-ādiṣu:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootyuga-ādi
Formneuter, locative, plural
tatthat
tat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
tatthat (corresponding)
tat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
utpadyatearises/is produced
utpadyate:
TypeVerb
Rootutpad
Formpresent, 3, singular, ātmanepada (passive-like)
jñānamknowledge
jñānam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna
Formneuter, nominative, singular
loka-yātrā-vidhāna-jamborn of the regulation/ordering of worldly conduct
loka-yātrā-vidhāna-jam:
TypeAdjective
Rootloka-yātrā-vidhāna-ja
Formneuter, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

G
guru (teacher)
Ś
śiṣya (disciple)
B
Brahman (brahma)
Y
yuga (cosmic age)
K
kāla (time)
L
loka (world)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies adhyātma—knowledge of the inner Self—as the supreme, hidden essence of Brahman and as the stable core of all learning and scriptural traditions. It also teaches a cyclical view of history: as time turns and new ages begin, appropriate forms of knowledge re-manifest to sustain the world’s ongoing order (loka-yātrā).

A teacher addresses a highly intelligent disciple and begins an esoteric instruction. He frames the disciple’s question as touching the deepest Brahman-secret and then explains that knowledge appears in different ages according to the operation of time and the requirements of maintaining worldly life and order.