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Shloka 8

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

भोजनके बाद हाथ धोकर उठे। रातको भीगे पैर न सोये। देवर्षि नारद इसीको सदाचारका लक्षण कहते हैं ।।

śuciṁ deśam anaḍvāhaṁ devagoṣṭhaṁ catuṣpatham | brāhmaṇaṁ dhārmikaṁ caityaṁ nityaṁ kuryāt pradakṣiṇam ||

قال بهيشما: ينبغي للمرء أن يلازم دائمًا الطوافَ التبجيليَّ مُبقيًا المُعظَّم عن يمينه (برَدَكشِنا) حول المكان الطاهر المقدّس، والثور، وحَرَمِ الآلهة، ومفترق الطرق، والبراهمن، والرجل الصالح، و«التشايتيا» (شجرة مقدّسة أو مزار مرتبط بإله). ويعلّم الديفارشي نارادا أن ذلك علامةُ حسن السلوك: فإذا فرغ من الطعام غسل يديه ونهض؛ ولا يَنَمْ ليلًا وقد ابتلّت قدماه. وفي شريعة ربّ البيت يُعدّ من الأفضل أن يُعَدَّ الطعامُ نفسه للضيف والخادم وأهل الدار على السواء—بلا محاباة.

शुचिम्pure (one/thing)
शुचिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देशम्place, region
देशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनड्वाहम्bull
अनड्वाहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनड्वाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवगोष्ठम्assembly/abode of the gods (temple precinct)
देवगोष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवगोष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चतुष्पथम्crossroads (four-way junction)
चतुष्पथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचतुष्पथ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धार्मिकम्righteous, virtuous
धार्मिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्मिक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चैत्यम्shrine/holy monument (also sacred tree)
चैत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always, regularly
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
Formtrue
कुर्यात्should do/perform
कुर्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-linga, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रदक्षिणम्clockwise; keeping to the right (in circumambulation)
प्रदक्षिणम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रदक्षिण
Formtrue

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Devarshi Narada
Ś
śuci-deśa (sacred place)
A
anaḍvāha (bull/ox)
D
devagoṣṭha (temple precinct/assembly of gods)
C
catuṣpatha (crossroads)
B
brāhmaṇa
D
dhārmika (righteous person)
C
caitya (sacred tree/shrine)
Y
yajñaśālā (sacrificial hall)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches sadācāra (good conduct): maintain bodily cleanliness (wash after eating; avoid sleeping with wet feet), show reverence through pradakṣiṇā (keeping the revered on one’s right), and practice fairness in household hospitality by providing the same food to guests, servants, and family.

In Śānti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and proper conduct. Here he lists everyday ethical and ritual behaviors—acts of cleanliness, respectful movement around sacred persons/places, and equitable treatment within the household—presented as markers of civilized, dharmic life.