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Shloka 533

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

एवं वा तपसा युक्तो ब्रह्मृहा सवनी भवेत्‌ | ब्रह्महत्या करनेवाला मनुष्य उस मरे हुए ब्राह्मगकी खोपड़ी लेकर अपना पापकर्म लोगोंको सुनाता रहे और बारह वर्षोतक ब्रह्मचर्यका पालन करते हुए सबेरे, शाम तथा दोपहर तीनों समय स्नान करे। इस प्रकार वह तपस्यामें संलग्न रहे। इससे उसकी शुद्धि हो जाती है

evaṁ vā tapasā yukto brahmahā sāvanī bhavet |

قال بهيشما: «أو كذلك، إن قاتلَ البراهمن يمكن أن يتطهّر بالزهد والتقشّف. يحمل جمجمةَ البراهمن المقتول علامةً ظاهرةً على فعله، ويجهر بالاعتراف بخطيئته أمام الناس، ويلتزم بالعفّة الصارمة اثنتي عشرة سنة، ويغتسل ثلاث مرّات في اليوم—عند الفجر، ووقت الظهيرة، وعند الغسق. فإذا ثبت على هذه الكفّارة نال التطهّر من الإثم الجسيم المتمثّل في قتل البراهمن.»

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
युक्तःendowed/engaged
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ब्रह्महाslayer of a Brahmin
ब्रह्महा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्महन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सवनीone who performs the thrice-daily rites (at the savanas)
सवनी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसवनिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवेत्would become/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formoptative, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
brahmahā (Brahmin-slayer)
S
slain Brahmin
S
skull of the slain Brahmin

Educational Q&A

Even the gravest moral transgression (brahmahatyā) is addressed within dharma through prāyaścitta: public acknowledgment of wrongdoing, sustained self-restraint (brahmacarya), and disciplined ritual purification over a long period, aiming at inner reform and social-ethical accountability.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma during the Shanti Parva, he outlines an alternative expiatory regimen for a Brahmin-slayer: carrying the slain Brahmin’s skull as a sign of guilt, confessing the act, observing twelve years of celibacy, and bathing at the three daily ritual times, by which purification is said to be attained.