Shloka 23

Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

त्वया सत्यार्थिना नित्यं विजिता ज्येष्ठसेवनात्‌

Transliteration

tvayā satyārthinā nityaṃ vijitā jyeṣṭha-sevanāt | kathayanti—ime trayodaśa doṣāḥ śānti-dhāraṇena jitā bhavanti | dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putreṣu te sarve doṣāḥ santi, tvaṃ ca satyaṃ grahītuṃ icchasi; tasmāt jyeṣṭha-puruṣa-sevanena teṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ doṣāṇāṃ tvayā jayaḥ prāptaḥ ||

Translation

قال بهيشما: «لأنك طالبٌ للحق على الدوام، فقد غلبتَ هذه العيوب بخدمة الشيوخ والكبراء خدمةً مستمرة. ويُقال إن هذه النقائص الثلاثةَ عشر تُتجاوز بحفظ السلام وضبط النفس. وقد كانت كلها قائمةً في أبناء دريتاراشترا؛ غير أنك تريد قبول الحق. لذلك، بملازمة الشيوخ النبلاء وخدمتهم، نلتَ الظفرَ عليها جميعًا.»

Word by Word

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Noun/Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

• सत्यार्थिना: by (one) seeking truth / truth-seeker
• सत्यार्थिना: Karana
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सत्यार्थिन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• विजिताः: conquered / overcome
• विजिताः: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + जि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (kta)

• ज्येष्ठसेवनात्: from serving the elders/superiors
• ज्येष्ठसेवनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्येष्ठसेवन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Dhritarashtra
• sons of Dhritarashtra (Kauravas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Peaceful restraint (śānti-dhāraṇa) and the disciplined habit of serving and learning from elders (jyeṣṭha-sevā) enable a truth-seeker to overcome deep-seated vices; moral victory is portrayed as a result of humility, guidance, and steady inner calm.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma, instructing the listener in the Śānti Parva, contrasts the faults found among Dhritarashtra’s sons with the listener’s aspiration for truth, praising the listener for having conquered those faults through sustained peace and reverent service to venerable elders.