Shloka 10

Gautama–Yama Saṃvāda: Mātṛ-Pitṛ-Ṛṇa (Debt to Parents) and Śubha-Loka Attainment

Devanagari script

“उस भागते हुए मृगके पीछे मैं अकस्मात्‌ इस वनमें आपलोगोंके समीप आ पहुँचा हूँ। मेरी सारी शोभा नष्ट हो गयी है। मैं हताश होकर भारी परिश्रमसे कष्ट पा रहा हूँ

Transliteration

tasya dhāvato mṛgasya pṛṣṭhato ’haṃ sahasā ’smin vane yuṣmākaṃ samīpam upāgataḥ। mama sarvā śobhā naṣṭā। ahaṃ nirāśaḥ san mahāśrameṇa duḥkham anubhavāmi॥

Translation

قال بيشما: «وأنا أطارد ذلك الأيل الهارب، وصلتُ فجأةً إلى هذه الغابة قريبًا منكم جميعًا. لقد تهاوى كلُّ بهائي القديم. وقد انقطع رجائي فأنا أتألّم—مُنهكًا من شدّة السعي والعناء.»

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• धावतः: of (one) running
• धावतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: धाव्
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• मृगस्य: of the deer
• मृगस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पृष्ठतः: from behind; behind
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठ
• Form: Adverb (ablatival)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• अकस्मात्: suddenly; unexpectedly
• अकस्मात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अकस्मात्
• Form: Adverb

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• युष्माकम्: of you (all)
• युष्माकम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Plural

• समीपम्: near
• समीपम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समीप
• Form: Postposition-like (governs genitive)

• आ: towards; up to (prefix)
• आ: null
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ
• Form: Preverb (upasarga)

• प्राप्तः: reached; arrived
• प्राप्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Past passive participle (used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्मि: am
• अस्मि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, 1st, Singular

• मम: my
• मम: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• सर्वा: all; entire
• सर्वा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• शोभा: splendour; beauty
• शोभा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोभा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• नष्टा: destroyed; lost
• नष्टा: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: नश्
• Form: Past passive participle, Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्ति: is
• अस्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• हताशः: hopeless; despondent
• हताशः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हत-आशा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भारी: heavy; great
• भारी: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भारी
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• परिश्रमेन: by exertion; with effort
• परिश्रमेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिश्रम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• क्लेशम्: pain; distress
• क्लेशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्लेश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्नोमि: I obtain; I suffer
• प्राप्नोमि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Present, 1st, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• mṛga (deer)
• vana (forest)
• yuṣmān (you all—addressed listeners)