Shloka 50
त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma
Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्न राजन्या लोकान् रक्षन्ति धर्मत: । स्थावरं जड़म॑ चैव क्षत्रिये भ्य: सनातनम्
Translation
ثم إن الكشاتريا (Kṣatriya)، بعدما نالوا من البراهمة حقَّ حمل “العصا” (daṇḍa)، يحمون العوالم كلَّها وفق الدharma. وبالكشاتريا ظلّ هذا الكون السرمدي—المتحرّك والساكن—مصونًا آمنًا منذ القدم.
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto/for the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
नृपाःkings
नृपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकान्worlds/people
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रक्षन्तिprotect
रक्षन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मतःaccording to dharma / righteously
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म
Formtasil-avyaya (ablatival adverb)
स्थावरम्the immovable (creation)
स्थावरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थावर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जङ्गमम्the movable (creation)
जङ्गमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजङ्गम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
क्षत्रियेभ्यःfrom the Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
सनातनम्eternal/ancient
सनातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
वसुहरोम उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes