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Shloka 18

Adhyāya 115: On Restraint Under Verbal Provocation in the Assembly (सभायां आक्रोश-सहिष्णुता)

अधीरजुष्टे पथि वर्तमान दमादपेतं विनयाच्च पापम्‌ | अरिव्रतं नित्यमभूतिकामं धिगस्तु तं पापमतिं मनुष्यम्‌,वह मूर्खोद्वारा सेवित पथपर चलनेवाला है। इन्द्रिय-संयम और विनयसे कोसों दूर है। उसने शत्रुताका व्रत ले रखा है। वह सदा सबकी अवनति चाहता है। उस पापात्मा एवं पापबुद्धि मनुष्यको धिक्कार है

bhīṣma uvāca | adhīra-juṣṭe pathi vartamānaṃ damād apetaṃ vinayāc ca pāpam | ari-vrataṃ nityam abhūti-kāmaṃ dhig astu taṃ pāpa-matiṃ manuṣyam ||

قال بهيشما: ملعونٌ ذلك الرجل ذو العقل الآثم، الذي يسلك الطريق الذي يستحسنه المتهوّرون، بعيدًا عن كبح الحواس وعن التواضع؛ الذي اتخذ العداوة نذرًا، ويشتهي على الدوام سقوط الآخرين. إنّ مثل هذا، مدفوعًا بالإثم وبنيةٍ فاسدة، جديرٌ بالإدانة.

अधीरजुष्टेon a path frequented by the impatient/undisciplined
अधीरजुष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअधीर-जुष्ट
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पथिon the path
पथि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपथ्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानःmoving/being engaged (in)
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवर्त्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमात्from self-control
दमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपेतम्gone away from; devoid of
अपेतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप-इ (अपेत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विनयात्from humility/discipline
विनयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविनय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पापम्sin/evil
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरिव्रतम्having enmity as a vow; vowed to be an enemy
अरिव्रतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअरि-व्रत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
अभूतिकामम्desiring others' non-prosperity/ruin
अभूतिकामम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-भूति-काम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धिक्shame! fie!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
तम्that (man), him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापमतिम्evil-minded
पापमतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप-मति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्यम्man/person
मनुष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma condemns a character type: one who rejects self-restraint (dama) and humility (vinaya), makes hostility a life-principle (ari-vrata), and wishes for others’ decline (abhūti-kāma). The ethical lesson is that malice and undisciplined conduct are anti-dharmic and socially destructive.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhishma delivers a moral judgment, censuring the person who habitually follows the reckless path and lives by enmity and ill-will toward others.