Shloka 8

Vetasa-Nīti: The Reed and the Flood (वेतस-नीति)

Devanagari script

गजड़ोवाच तिष्ठन्त्येते यथास्थानं नगा होकनिकेतना: । ते त्यजन्ति ततः स्थान प्रातिलोम्यान्न वेतस:,गंगा बोली--नदीश्वर! ये वृक्ष अपने-अपने स्थानपर अकड़कर खड़े रहते हैं, हमारे प्रवाहके सामने मस्तक नहीं झुकाते। इस प्रतिकूल बर्तावके कारण ही उन्हें नष्ट होकर अपना स्थान छोड़ना पड़ता है; परंतु बेंत ऐसा नहीं है

Transliteration

sāgara uvāca | tiṣṭhanty ete yathāsthānaṃ nagāḥ sthāniketanāḥ | te tyajanti tataḥ sthānaṃ prātilomyān na vetasāḥ ||

Translation

قال ساغارا: «إن هذه الأشجار تقف متصلّبة في مواضعها، كأن مساكنها قد ثُبّتت هناك. ولأنها تعاند وترفض أن تلين، تُحطَّم وتُجبر على ترك مكانها. أمّا القصب (فيتاشا) فليس كذلك.»

Word by Word

• {'sāgara uvāca': '‘Sāgara said’ (speaker tag)', 'tiṣṭhanti': 'they stand, remain', 'ete': 'these', 'yathāsthānam': 'in their respective places

• as situated', 'nagāḥ': 'trees (lit. ‘immovable ones’)', 'sthāniketanāḥ': 'having a fixed abode

• rooted in one place', 'tyajanti': 'they abandon, give up', 'tataḥ': 'thereupon

• as a result', 'sthānam': 'place, position', 'prātilomyāt': 'from contrariness

• from acting against the proper course/flow', 'na': 'not', 'vetaśāḥ (vetaśaḥ)': 'cane, reed

Speaker

सागर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• सागर (Sāgara)
• नगाः (trees)
• वेतस/वेतश (cane/reed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Rigidity and contrariness toward an overwhelming force (symbolized by a current/flow) lead to ruin, whereas pliancy and timely yielding (symbolized by the reed) preserves one’s place and well-being—an ethical counsel toward humility and adaptability within dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sāgara uses a nature-based comparison: trees that stand stiffly against the current are uprooted and lose their place, while the reed survives because it bends. The verse functions as a didactic illustration within the Shānti Parva’s instruction-oriented discourse.