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Shloka 57

गदायुद्धप्रतिज्ञा — The Vow and Terms of the Mace Duel

सुयोधन! यदि तुम इसे देनेमें समर्थ होते तो भी मैं तुम्हारी दी हुई इस पृथ्वीपर शासन करनेकी इच्छा नहीं रखता ।। अधर्मेण न गृलह्नीयां त्वया दत्तां महीमिमाम्‌ | न हि धर्म: स्मृतो राजन क्षत्रियस्य प्रतिग्रह:,राजन! तुम्हारी दी हुई इस भूमिको मैं अधर्मपूर्वक नहीं ले सकता; क्षत्रियके लिये दान लेना धर्म नहीं बताया गया है

Adharmeṇa na gṛhṇīyāṁ tvayā dattāṁ mahīm imām | na hi dharmaḥ smṛto rājan kṣatriyasya pratigrahaḥ ||

قال يودهيشثيرا: «يا سويودهانا، حتى لو كنتَ قادراً على منحها، فلا رغبة لي في حكم هذه الأرض على أنها هبة منك. أيها الملك، لا أستطيع أن أقبل هذه البلاد منك بطريقٍ غير قويم؛ فإن قبول العطية ليس مما يُذكَر دَرْماً (dharma) للكشاتريا.»

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
adharmeṇaby unrighteousness; unrighteously
adharmeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootadharma
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
gṛhṇīyāmI should take/accept
gṛhṇīyām:
TypeVerb
Rootgrah (gṛhṇāti)
Formoptative (vidhi-liṅ), non-past (modal), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootyuṣmad
Forminstrumental, singular
dattāmgiven
dattām:
TypeAdjective
Rootdā (to give) → datta
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
mahīmearth/land
mahīm:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootmahī
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
imāmthis
imām:
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
dharmaḥdharma; righteous duty
dharmaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
smṛtaḥis considered/declared
smṛtaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootsmṛ (to remember) → smṛta
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājanO king
rājan:
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
kṣatriyasyaof a kshatriya
kṣatriyasya:
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
pratigrahaḥacceptance (of a gift); receiving
pratigrahaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootpratigraha
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
M
mahī (the earth/kingdom)

Educational Q&A

Yudhiṣṭhira asserts that political authority must be obtained through righteous means consistent with kṣatriya-dharma; accepting a kingdom as a ‘gift’ from an adversary—especially under adharma—undermines legitimacy and honor, and ‘pratigraha’ (receiving gifts/alms) is not upheld as the proper dharma for a kṣatriya.

In the Shalya Parva war setting, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Suyodhana (Duryodhana), rejecting the idea of ruling the earth on Duryodhana’s grant. He insists he will not accept the land as a donation and frames this refusal as grounded in traditional dharma for the warrior-ruler class.