Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 52

भीमसेनस्य कौरवसुतवधः तथा श्रुतर्वावधः

Slaying of Kaurava princes and the fall of Śrutarvā

राजन्‌ बलेन द्वयड्रेन त्यक्त्वा जीवितमात्मन: । आत्मना पज्चमो<्युद्धयं पाउ्चालस्य बलेन ह,आपकी सेनाके अधिकांश योद्धाओंका मुख उदास हो गया। उन सबके आयुध नष्ट हो गये थे और वे चारों ओरसे घिर गये थे। राजन! उन सबकी वैसी अवस्था देख मैं जीवनका मोह छोड़कर अन्य चार महारथियोंको साथ ले हाथी और घोड़े दो अंगोंवाली सेनासे मिलकर धृष्टद्युम्नकी सेनाके साथ युद्ध करने लगा

sañjaya uvāca | rājan balena dvyaṅgena tyaktvā jīvitam ātmanaḥ | ātmanā pañcamo 'bhyuddhyaṃ pāñcālasya balena ha |

قال سنجيا: يا أيها الملك، بعدما طرحتُ عني الهمّ على حياتي، دخلتُ القتال—خامساً مع أربعةٍ من المَهارَثيين—ضد جيش البانچالا، وإن كانت قوتنا لا تتألف إلا من «جناحين» (الفيلة والخيالة). وإذ رأيتُ أكثر رجالك مكتئبين، وقد تحطمت أسلحتهم وأُحيط بهم من كل جانب، ولجتُ المعركة بعزمٍ قدّم الواجب والولاء على حفظ النفس.

राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
बलेनby/with the army (force)
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
द्व्यङ्गेनwith the two-limbed (two-division) [army]
द्व्यङ्गेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootद्व्यङ्ग
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof myself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आत्मनाby myself / personally
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पञ्चमःas the fifth (one)
पञ्चमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्धायfor battle
युद्धाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
पाञ्चालस्यof the Panchala (Dhrishtadyumna/Panchala king)
पाञ्चालस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
बलेनwith the army
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
indeed / surely
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāñcāla army
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna (implied via context)
E
elephants
H
horses
W
weapons (āyudha, implied via context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a warrior’s ethic of duty and steadfastness: when one’s side is demoralized, disarmed, and surrounded, the response praised here is resolve—renouncing attachment to personal safety and acting in loyalty to one’s charge, even against superior forces.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, seeing the Kaurava fighters overwhelmed and dispirited, he personally entered the fray as the fifth among four other great chariot-warriors, fighting the Pāñcāla forces with a reduced ‘two-limbed’ contingent (elephants and horses).