Shloka 5

तन्महात्मा महा भाग: केतु: सर्वधनुष्मताम्‌ । प्रत्यपादयदाचार्य: प्रीयमाणो धनंजयम्‌,“सम्पूर्ण धनुर्धरोंके सिरमौर महाभाग महात्मा द्रोणाचार्यने प्रसन्न होकर वह अस्त्र पहले अर्जुनको दिया था

tanmahātmā mahābhāgaḥ ketuḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām | pratyapādayad ācāryaḥ prīyamāṇo dhanañjayam ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: إن ذلك المعلّم العظيم النفس، الرفيع الحظ—المشهور بأنه تاجُ الرماة جميعًا—وقد سُرَّ، منح ذلك السلاح رسميًّا لدهانَنْجَيا (أرجونا). وتُبرز هذه اللحظة الثقلَ الأخلاقي لرضا المعلّم: فالإتقان ليس مهارةً فحسب، بل أمانةٌ تُودَع لمن استقام بالانضباط واستحقّ، ونال تصديق الغورو.

तत्that (weapon/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाgreat
महा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भागःfortunate one / illustrious one
भागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
केतुःbanner; foremost; standard
केतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वof all
सर्व:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धनुष्मताम्of the bowmen / archers
धनुष्मताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुष्मत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रत्यपादयत्bestowed / handed over
प्रत्यपादयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√पद् (पादयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आचार्यःthe teacher (Drona)
आचार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रीयमाणःbeing pleased / rejoicing
प्रीयमाणः:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्री (धातु) + शानच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Atmanepada (present middle participle)
धनंजयम्Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Droṇācārya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
T
the weapon/astram (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that exceptional power (astra-knowledge) is ethically mediated through the guru’s discernment and approval; skill becomes legitimate and responsible when granted to a worthy disciple within discipline and trust.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Droṇa—celebrated as the foremost among archers—was pleased with Arjuna and therefore bestowed the (previously mentioned) weapon upon him, marking Arjuna’s recognized excellence and the formal transfer of martial capability.