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Shloka 843

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ

तस्मात्‌ सत्यं ब्रुवन्‌ साक्षी धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते । झूठ बोलनेवाला मनुष्य उन सभी दु:खोंका भागी होता है। समक्ष दर्शन

tasmāt satyaṃ bruvan sākṣī dharmārthābhyāṃ na hīyate |

لذلك فإن الشاهد الذي ينطق بالصدق لا يَحيد عن الدارما والأرثا (الاستقامة والرخاء المشروع). أمّا من يقول الزور فيصير شريكًا في جميع تلك الآلام؛ إذ إنما سُمّي «شاهدًا» لأنه رأى بعينه، وسمع بأذنه، وحفظ في قلبه—ولهذا فالشاهد الصادق لا يُحرَم قط من البرّ ولا من اليسر المستحق.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सत्यंtruth
सत्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ब्रुवन्speaking/saying
ब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
साक्षीa witness
साक्षी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्by/with dharma and artha
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेis diminished/is deprived
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, third, singular, passive/mediopassive (loss is undergone)

कश्यप उवाच

कश्यप (Kaśyapa)
साक्षी (witness)

Educational Q&A

A witness must speak truthfully: truthful testimony safeguards one’s dharma and artha, while false testimony makes one complicit in the resulting suffering and injustice.

Kaśyapa is instructing on the moral duty of a ‘sākṣī’ (witness), defining a witness as one who has directly seen, heard, and retained the facts, and emphasizing that such a person must speak the truth.