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Shloka 18

Śiśupāla-vākya: Bhīṣma-nindā and the ‘Haṃsa’ Exemplum (शिशुपालवाक्यम् — भीष्मनिन्दा, हंसदृष्टान्तः)

वैश्यानां धान्यधनवाउुछूद्राणामेव जन्मत: । पूज्यतायां च गोविन्दे हेतू द्वावपि संस्थितौ,वैश्योंमें वही सर्वमान्य है, जो धन-धान्यमें बढ़कर हो, केवल शूद्रोंमें ही जन्मकालको ध्यानमें रखकर जो अवस्थामें बड़ा हो, उसको पूजनीय माना जाता है । श्रीकृष्णके परम पूजनीय होनेमें दोनों ही कारण विद्यमान हैं

vaiśyānāṃ dhānya-dhana-vau śūdrāṇām eva janmataḥ | pūjyatāyāṃ ca govinde hetū dvāv api saṃsthitau ||

بين الفيشيا يُعَدُّ الأجدر بالتكريم من فاق غيره في الغلال والمال. وبين الشودرَة يُمنَح الشرف في الغالب على أساس المولد—ولا سيما الأسبقية في السنّ. أمّا في سموّ قابلية غوڤيندا (كريشنا) للتبجيل، فهاتان العلتان كلتاهما متحققتان.

वैश्यानाम्of the Vaishyas
वैश्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धान्य-धनवताम्of those possessing grain and wealth
धान्य-धनवताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootधान्यधनवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
उच्छ्रूद्राणाम्of the Shudras
उच्छ्रूद्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जन्मतःfrom birth; by birth
जन्मतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पूज्यतायाम्in (the matter of) being worthy of honor
पूज्यतायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपूज्यता
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गोविन्देin/with regard to Govinda (Krishna)
गोविन्दे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगोविन्द
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हेतूtwo reasons/causes
हेतू:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
संस्थितौare present/are established
संस्थितौ:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-स्था
FormPerfect (Parasmaipada), 3rd, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
V
Vaiśyas
Ś
Śūdras

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma explains that social honor is often assigned by different criteria—wealth and prosperity among Vaiśyas, and birth-based seniority among Śūdras—then asserts that Govinda (Kṛṣṇa) possesses both kinds of grounds for reverence, reinforcing his exceptional worthiness of honor.

In the Sabha Parva’s courtly discourse, Bhīṣma speaks as an elder authority, articulating how people conventionally determine who is ‘most worthy’ in different social groups, and uses that framework to justify why Kṛṣṇa (Govinda) should be regarded as supremely venerable.