Shloka 4536

मर्तव्यमिति निश्चित्य जयं वाप्यनिवर्तनम्‌ | संशप्तकोंने पुनः यह निश्चय करके कि “मर जायूँगे अथवा विजय प्राप्त करेंगे, किंतु युद्धसे पीछे नहीं हटेंगे” अर्जुनको चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

martavyam iti niścitya jayaṃ vāpy anivartanam | saṃśaptakāḥ punaḥ evaṃ niścayaṃ kṛtvā arjunaṃ sarvataḥ paryavārayamāsuḥ ||

قال سنجيا: بعدما عزموا قائلين: «إمّا أن نموت، وإمّا أن نظفر—ولكننا لن نرتدّ عن ساحة القتال»، عاد السَّمشبتكة، ثابتين على نذرهم، فأحاطوا بأرجونا من كل جانب.

मर्तव्यम्to be died / must die
मर्तव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootमृ (धातु) → मर्तव्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), नपुंसक, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चित्यhaving resolved/decided
निश्चित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + चि (धातु) → निश्चित्य
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
जयम्victory
जयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनिवर्तनम्non-retreat / not turning back
अनिवर्तनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन् + निवर्तन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Saṃśaptakas
A
Arjuna
B
battlefield (implicit)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the power and peril of a vow: steadfastness (anivartanam) is praised as warrior honor, yet it also shows how commitment can become fatalistic—choosing death over withdrawal—raising ethical questions about when resolve serves dharma and when it hardens into destructive obstinacy.

Sañjaya reports that the Saṃśaptakas, having renewed their do-or-die resolve, close ranks and encircle Arjuna from all directions, intensifying the combat pressure on him in the Karṇa Parva battle sequence.