Shloka 34

Devanagari script

यमौ च भीमसेनश्न शिशुपालस्य चात्मज: । कारूषा मत्स्यशेषाश्ष केकया: काशिकोसला:

Transliteration

yamau ca bhīmasenaś ca śiśupālasya cātmajaḥ | kārūṣā matsyaśeṣāś ca kekayāḥ kāśikośalāḥ ||

Translation

قال سنجيا: إنّ التوأمين (ناكولا وسهاديفا) وبهيمسينا، ومعهما ابنُ شيشوبالا، وكذلك محاربو بلاد كاروشا، وبقيةُ الماتسيا، والكِكَيَة، وأهلُ كاشي وكوشالا—كانوا هم أيضًا حاضرين في ذلك الصراع العظيم، وقد جُرّوا إلى دائرةٍ آخذةٍ في الاتساع من التحالفات والالتزامات التي تفرضها الحرب.

Word by Word

यमौthe two twins (Nakula and Sahadeva)

चand

भीमसेनःBhimasena (Bhima)

चand

शिशुपालस्यof Shishupala

चand

आत्मजःson

कारूषाःthe Karushas (people of Karusha)

मत्स्यशेषाःthe remaining Matsyas

चand

केकयाःthe Kekayas

काशिकोसलाःthe Kashis and Kosalas

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Nakula

Sahadeva

Bhīmasena (Bhīma)

Śiśupāla

Śiśupāla’s son

Karūṣa

Matsya

Kekaya

Kāśi

Kośala

Sañjaya

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how war in the Mahābhārata is not merely personal rivalry but a vast network of dynastic ties and regional obligations; many are compelled into conflict by lineage, alliance, and kṣatriya expectations, highlighting the ethical weight and social entanglement of warfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is listing notable fighters and allied groups participating in the battle—naming the Pāṇḍava twins and Bhīma, Śiśupāla’s son, and contingents from Karūṣa, Matsya, Kekaya, Kāśi, and Kośala—within the ongoing Kurukṣetra war account.