Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

कर्णपर्व — द्विचक्रिकी युद्धपरिस्थिति: धृष्टद्युम्न- द्रौणि-संघर्षः तथा अर्जुन-रक्षणम्

Chapter 42

सखिभावेन सौहार्दान्मित्रभावेन चैव हि । कारणैस्त्रिभिरेतैस्त्वं शल्य जीवसि साम्प्रतम्‌

sakhibhāvena sauhārdān mitrabhāvena caiva hi | kāraṇais tribhir etais tvaṃ śalya jīvasi sāmpratam ||

قال سانجيا: «يا شاليا، إنما أنت حيٌّ إلى الآن لثلاثة أسباب: أولها أنك حين صرتَ سائسَ مركبتي دخلتَ في رباط الصحبة؛ وثانيها أني، بدافع المودّة، قد صفحتُ عنك؛ وثالثها أني أضع نصب عيني تحقيق غاية دوريودانا. فلهذه العلل الثلاث أُبقيتَ على قيد الحياة.»

सखि-भावेनby (the) state of being a friend
सखि-भावेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसखि-भाव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सौहार्दात्from affection / out of goodwill
सौहार्दात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसौहार्द
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मित्र-भावेनby (the) feeling of friendship
मित्र-भावेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र-भाव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor / indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कारणैःby reasons / due to causes
कारणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
त्रिभिःby three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
शल्यO Shalya
शल्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जीवसिyou live / you are alive
जीवसि:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
साम्प्रतम्now / at present
साम्प्रतम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाम्प्रतम्

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
S
Shalya
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how personal bonds (companionship and friendship), deliberate forgiveness, and strategic commitment to an ally’s objective can restrain immediate retaliation even in a hostile war setting—showing ethics intertwined with political necessity.

In the Karṇa Parva context, Śalya is serving as charioteer and is being addressed sharply: the speaker explains that Śalya’s life is being spared only because of three considerations—companionship formed by the charioteer role, goodwill-based forgiveness, and the need to secure Duryodhana’s aims in the ongoing battle.