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Shloka 50

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

अतिक्रम्य च चक्राड़: काक॑ तं समुदैक्षत

atikramya ca cakrāḍaḥ kākaṃ taṃ samudaikṣata

ولمّا تجاوز الغراب حافة العجلة، أخذ يحدّق فيه عن كثب، كأنما يزن ما وراء الحدّ الذي تخطّاه لتوّه—فضولٌ متهوّر يشي بخطرٍ أخلاقيّ في تعدّي الحدود.

अतिक्रम्यhaving overstepped / having crossed
अतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थे), कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चक्रात्from the wheel / from the discus
चक्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
काकःthe crow
काकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समुदैक्षतlooked up at / looked upon
समुदैक्षत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उद्-ईक्ष्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa, the swan—speaker)
काक (Kāka, the crow)
चक्र (Cakra, wheel/its rim as an object or boundary)

Educational Q&A

The verse suggests an ethical warning: crossing a boundary (atikrama) out of impulsive curiosity can lead to moral or practical danger; careful discernment should precede stepping beyond established limits.

In a didactic exchange attributed to the swan (haṃsa), the crow is described as having crossed the wheel’s edge/boundary and then staring intently—portraying a moment of transgressive action followed by scrutiny, as if assessing consequences or seeking advantage.