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Shloka 8

Adhyāya 35 — Bhīmasena’s Counter-Encirclement and the Karṇa Engagement Escalation

विधिवत्‌ कल्पितं भद्र|ं जयेत्युक्त्वा न्यवेदयत्‌ । तब सारथिने गन्धर्वनगरके समान विशाल, विजयशील श्रेष्ठ और मंगलकारक रथको विधिपूर्वक सुसज्जित करके सूचित किया--'स्वामिन्‌! आपकी जय हो! रथ तैयार है” ।।

taṁ rathaṁ rathināṁ śreṣṭhaḥ karṇo 'bhyarcya yathāvidhi | samīpasthaṁ madrarājam āroha tvam athābravīt ||

قال سنجيا: إن كارنا، وهو أسبقُ الفرسان على المركبات، قد عبد تلك المركبة وكرّمها على وفق الشعائر المقرّرة. ثم خاطب ملكَ مَدْرَة القائمَ قريبًا فقال: «أنتَ اصعد أولًا.» وتُظهر هذه اللقطة أنّ معسكر الحرب، وإن كان على شفا العنف، ظلّ متمسّكًا بالإجراء الميمون وبالوقار أمام الناس: صواب الطقس، واحترام المراتب، وتوقُ النصر—كلّها منسوجة في أخلاق المُلك إذ توشك المعركة أن تُستأنف.

तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःbest, foremost
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यर्च्यhaving worshipped
अभ्यर्च्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + अर्च्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as gerund)
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
विधिrule, prescribed rite
विधि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समीपस्थम्standing nearby
समीपस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमीपस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आरोहmount (you), ascend
आरोह:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + रुह्
Formलोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अथthen, now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
M
Madrarāja (Śalya)
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

Even in a setting dominated by warfare, the epic portrays rulers and warriors as bound to dharma through proper conduct—ritual propriety (yathāvidhi), respect for social and political rank, and the pursuit of auspiciousness. The verse highlights how ethical order and public decorum are maintained as part of kṣatriya culture.

Karna formally worships and honours the chariot prepared for him, then turns to the nearby king of Madra (Śalya) and asks him to mount first—setting the stage for their joint ride, with Śalya as charioteer, immediately before the ensuing battle action.