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Shloka 231

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

दुर्मरं तदहं मन्ये नृणां कृच्छे5पि वर्तताम्‌ यत्र कर्ण हत॑ श्रुत्वा नात्यजज्जीवितं नृप:

durmaraṁ tad ahaṁ manye nṛṇāṁ kṛcche ’pi vartatām | yatra karṇa-hataṁ śrutvā nātyajajjīvitaṁ nṛpaḥ ||

قال جاناميجايا: «إني لأرى ذلك عسيرًا يكاد يكون مستحيلًا على الناس—ولو كانوا تحت وطأة الشدة القصوى—أن يطيقوا حالًا كهذه: أن يسمع الملك بمقتل كارنا فلا يطرح الحياة من ساعته. إن هذا التجلّد أمام خسارة مدمّرة كهذه يبدو فوق طاقة البشر المعتادة».

दुर्मरम्hard to die (i.e., hard to give up life)
दुर्मरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
मन्येI think/consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, First, Singular, Ātmanepada
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कृच्छेin distress/difficulty
कृच्छे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वर्तताम्of those who live/continue (to exist)
वर्तताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada, Imperative (injunctive-like usage possible)
यत्रwhere/when
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
कर्णO Karṇa
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हतम्killed/slain
हतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (श्रुत्वा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्यजत्abandoned/gave up
अत्यजत्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
K
Karṇa
N
nṛpa (the king, unspecified in this verse)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the extraordinary weight of grief and shock in dharmic-royal life: some losses are so severe that ordinary human endurance fails. It implicitly praises exceptional self-control (or points to an unusual destiny) when a ruler can continue living despite hearing of a catastrophic death.

Janamejaya reacts to the report of Karṇa’s death and expresses amazement that a certain king, upon hearing that Karṇa was slain, did not immediately die (or renounce life). The line functions as a narrative prompt, emphasizing the magnitude of Karṇa’s fall and the emotional stakes for those connected to him.