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Shloka 16

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

ततः शत्रुक्षयं कृत्वा सुमहान्तं रणे वृष: । पश्यतां धार्तराष्ट्राणां फाल्गुनेन निपातित:

tataḥ śatrukṣayaṃ kṛtvā sumahāntaṃ raṇe vṛṣaḥ | paśyatāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ phālgunena nipātitaḥ ||

ثم إن ذلك المقاتل الشبيه بالثور، بعدما أحدث في المعركة هلاكًا عظيمًا في صفوف الأعداء، صُرِعَ على يد فالغونا (أرجونا) أمام أعين الدهارتراشترَة.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'thereupon/from that')
शत्रुक्षयम्destruction of enemies
शत्रुक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुक्षय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done/made
कृत्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable
सुमहान्तम्very great
सुमहान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहन्त्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वृषःthe bull (heroic epithet; here: Karna)
वृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पश्यताम्of those watching / while (they) watched
पश्यताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Genitive plural (used as locative sense: 'while ... were watching')
धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्of the Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
धार्तराष्ट्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
फाल्गुनेनby Phālguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निपातितःwas felled/struck down
निपातितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of warfare: even a celebrated hero who causes massive enemy losses can be brought down, and such a fall—witnessed by one’s own side—serves as a moral and strategic warning about the limits of mere martial prowess and the consequences of aligning with adharma.

After inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy in the midst of battle, a bull-like (foremost) warrior is felled by Phālguna (Arjuna) in full view of the Dhārtarāṣṭras (the Kaurava forces).