Shloka 1

Devanagari script

संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! अर्जुनकी यह बात सुनकर वहाँ बैठे हुए सब महारथी मौन रह गये। उनसे प्रिय या अप्रिय कुछ नहीं बोले

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca—mahārāja! arjunasya etad vacanaṃ śrutvā tatra niṣaṇṇāḥ sarve mahārathāḥ tūṣṇīṃ babhūvuḥ; te tasya priyaṃ vā apriyaṃ vā kiñcid api na ūcuḥ.

Translation

قال سنجيا: «أيها الملك العظيم، لما سمعوا كلام أرجونا لزم جميعُ محاربي العربات العظام الجالسين هناك الصمت. فلم يقولوا له شيئًا—لا ما يسرّ ولا ما يسوء—إذ ثقلَتْ كفّةُ المعنى الأخلاقي في تلك اللحظة، وفرضتْ أهوالُ الحرب ضبطَ النفس.»

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अर्जुनस्य: of Arjuna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचनम्: statement/words
• वचनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• उपविष्टाः: seated
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-विश्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महारथाः: great warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मौनम्: silence
• मौनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मौन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अगच्छन्: went into/entered (became)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), Third, Plural

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• प्रियम्: pleasant (thing/word)
• प्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अप्रियम्: unpleasant (thing/word)
• अप्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• किञ्चित्: anything
• किञ्चित्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रुवन्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), Third, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• Arjuna
• mahārathas (great warriors)