Shloka 15

धृतराष्ट्र–संजय संवादः: कर्ण–घटोत्कचयोर्निशायुद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Description of the Night Engagement of Karṇa and Ghaṭotkaca

Devanagari script

पश्यतां सर्वसैन्यानां केशवस्य ममैव च

Transliteration

paśyatāṃ sarvasainyānāṃ keśavasya mamaiva ca

Translation

قال سانجيا: «وأمام أنظار جميع الجيوش—أمام كيشافا وأمامي أنا أيضًا.»

Word by Word

• पश्यताम्: while (they) were watching / of the onlookers
• पश्यताम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश्यत् (√दृश्)
• Form: लट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन, कर्तरि, शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकालिक कृदन्तस्य षष्ठी-बहुवचन (पश्यताम् = 'of those seeing')

• सर्व: of all
• सर्व: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• सैन्यानाम्: of the armies
• सैन्यानाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• केशवस्य: of Keśava (Krishna)
• केशवस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• मम: of me / my
• मम: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• एव: indeed / only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line underscores accountability and moral weight in war: decisive acts occur under the gaze of many, including exemplary leaders like Keśava, making conduct (dharma/adharma) publicly witnessed rather than hidden.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya frames an event as occurring openly on the battlefield—seen by all the assembled forces—and specifically in the presence of Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) and Sañjaya himself, emphasizing that what follows is a witnessed, consequential moment.