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Shloka 42

कर्ण-पाण्डव-संमर्दः — Karṇa and Arjuna’s Intensified Engagement

पतद्धि: पतितैश्वान्यैर्गतासुभिरनेकश: । कृतो राजन्‌ महाराज पुत्राणां ते जनक्षय:,राजन्‌! महाराज! कुछ सैनिक गिर रहे थे, कुछ गिर चुके थे और दूसरे बहुत-से योद्धा प्राणशून्य हो गये थे; उन सबके कारण आपके पुत्रोंकी सेनामें बड़ा भारी नरसंहार हुआ

sañjaya uvāca |

patadbhiḥ patitaiś cānyair gatāsubhir anekaśaḥ |

kṛto rājan mahārāja putrāṇāṃ te janakṣayaḥ ||

قال سانجيا: أيها الملك، أيها الملك العظيم! بين من كانوا يسقطون، ومن سقطوا بالفعل، وكثيرين آخرين مطروحين بلا روح بأعداد غفيرة، وقع في جيش أبنائك قتلٌ عظيم ومجزرة واسعة.

पतद्भिःby (those) falling
पतद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपतत् (√पत्)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पतितैःby the fallen
पतितैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपतित (√पत्)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यैःby others
अन्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गतासुभिःby those whose life-breath had gone (lifeless)
गतासुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootगतासु (gata-asu)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अनेकशःin many ways / in great numbers
अनेकशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनेकशस्
कृतःwas made / was caused
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृत (√कृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्राणाम्of (your) sons
पुत्राणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
जनक्षयःdestruction of men / massacre
जनक्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनक्षय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sanjaya)
राजन् / महाराज (the King—Dhṛtarāṣṭra implied)
पुत्राः (the sons—Kauravas implied)
सेना (army, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical gravity of war: beyond tactics and heroism lies the stark reality of widespread death. It implicitly warns that attachment to victory and kinship pride culminates in irreversible human loss.

Sanjaya reports to the blind king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) that, amid continuous falling and fallen warriors and many lying dead, a great slaughter has occurred in the army of the king’s sons (the Kauravas).