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Shloka 21

दुर्योधन-कर्ण-संवादः

Duryodhana–Karna Dialogue on Vyūha-bheda and Daiva

द्रोणाचार्यने महारथी बृहत्क्षत्रको व्याकुल करके अपने चार बाणोंद्वारा उनके चारों घोड़ोंको मार डाला ।। सूतं चैकेन बाणेन रथनीडादपातयत्‌ । द्वाभ्यां ध्वजं च च्छत्र॑ च च्छित्वा भूमावपातयत्‌,फिर एक बाणसे मारकर सारथिको रथकी बैठकसे नीचे गिरा दिया और दो बाणोंसे उनके ध्वज और छत्रको भी पृथ्वीपर काट गिराया

sūtaṁ caikena bāṇena rathanīḍād apātayat | dvābhyāṁ dhvajaṁ ca chatraṁ ca chittvā bhūmāv apātayat ||

قال سنجيا: لقد أوقع دروناآتشاريّا المقاتلَ العظيم بْرِهَتْكْشَتْرَ في الاضطراب، ثم قتل خيوله الأربعة بأربعة سهام. وبعد ذلك بسهمٍ واحد أسقط السائق من مقعد العربة؛ وبسهمين آخرين قطع الراية والمظلّة الملكية وألقاهما على الأرض.

सूतम्the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकेनwith one
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
बाणेनby an arrow
बाणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथनीडात्from the chariot-seat (lit. chariot-nest)
रथनीडात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथनीड
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपातयत्caused to fall / knocked down
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Yes (ṇic)
द्वाभ्याम्with two
द्वाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Dual
ध्वजम्the banner
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छत्रम्the parasol
छत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छित्वाhaving cut
छित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अपातयत्caused to fall / felled
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Yes (ṇic)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇācārya
S
sūta (charioteer)
R
ratha (chariot)
B
bāṇa (arrows)
D
dhvaja (banner/standard)
C
chatra (royal parasol)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in epic warfare, power is not only physical but symbolic: removing the charioteer, banner, and parasol undermines an enemy’s command, prestige, and morale. It also reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring theme that mastery in war often targets both body and status-signs, raising ethical questions about humiliation versus legitimate tactical advantage.

Sañjaya narrates Droṇa’s swift archery: he knocks the charioteer down from the chariot-seat with one arrow and then cuts down the opponent’s banner and royal parasol with two arrows, making them fall to the earth—an emphatic battlefield domination.