Shloka 19

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 125: Duryodhana’s despair and vow after Jayadratha’s fall (जयद्रथवधे दुर्योधनविलापः)

Devanagari script

ततस्ते पर्यवर्तन्त सर्वे द्रोणरथं प्रति

Transliteration

tataste paryavartanta sarve droṇarathaṃ prati

Translation

قال سَنْجَيا: ثم إنهم جميعًا ارتدّوا واستداروا نحو عربةِ دْرونا.

Word by Word

• ततः: then; thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, plural

• पर्यवर्तन्त: turned/returned; wheeled about
• पर्यवर्तन्त: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (परि + आ + √वृत्)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, nominative, plural

• द्रोण-रथम्: Drona's chariot
• द्रोण-रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण + रथ
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

• प्रति: towards; against
• प्रति: Karma
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति
• Form: Avyaya (preposition/adverb governing accusative)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa
• Droṇa’s chariot

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, collective action often pivots around a central authority or formidable figure; ethically, it underscores the tension between personal resolve and the pull of command, fear, or duty when a powerful leader (here, Droṇa) becomes the focal point.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the warriors collectively change direction and move toward Droṇa’s chariot, indicating a regrouping or renewed engagement centered on Droṇa’s position in the battle.