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Shloka 21

जयद्रथवधः — The Slaying of Jayadratha

Sunset Vow and Curse-Condition

शरबाणासनधरा यवनाश्ष प्रहारिण: । शका: किराता दरदा बर्बरास्ताम्रलिप्तका:

śarabāṇāsanadharā yavanāś ca prahāriṇaḥ | śakāḥ kirātā daradā barbarās tāmrālipṭakāḥ ||

قال سوتا: «وكان هناك محاربون يحملون القسيَّ والسهام—الْيَفَنَةُ شديدو البطش في الهجوم؛ وكذلك الشاكا، والكيراتا، والدارادا، والبرابرة، وأهل تامراليبْتا.» وتُبرز الآية كيف اجتذبت الحرب جماعاتٍ كثيرة من الأطراف والبلاد الأجنبية، مؤكدةً سعة الصراع وتعدده العِرقي، وثِقَلَه الأخلاقي إذ ابتلع القتالُ الجهاتِ كلَّها.

शरबाणासनधाराःthose bearing arrows, bows, and seats (i.e., equipped with bow-and-arrow gear)
शरबाणासनधाराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशर-बाण-आसन-धार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यवनाःYavanas (Greeks/foreigners)
यवनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयवन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहारिणःstrikers/attackers
प्रहारिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रहारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शकाःŚakas (Scythians)
शकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
किराताःKirātas (mountain/forest tribes)
किराताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिरात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दरदाःDaradas (a northern people)
दरदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदरद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बर्बराःBarbaras (foreign tribes)
बर्बराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबर्बर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ताम्रलिप्तकाःTāmraliptakas (people of Tāmraliptā)
ताम्रलिप्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootताम्रलिप्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

सूत उवाच

S
Sūta
Y
Yavana
Ś
Śaka
K
Kirāta
D
Darada
B
Barbara
T
Tāmrālipta
B
bows (asana)
A
arrows (śara/bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the immense scope of the Kurukṣetra war: it was not a small dynastic quarrel but a catastrophe drawing in many peoples. Ethically, it points to how adharma and political ambition can expand violence outward, implicating ever more communities and increasing collective suffering.

The narrator (Sūta) lists contingents present in the battle—archers from various regions and peoples (Yavanas, Śakas, Kirātas, Daradas, Barbaras, and those from Tāmrālipta)—as part of a broader description of the assembled forces and the intensity of the fighting in Droṇa Parva.