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Shloka 463

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

प्राहिणोत्‌ तस्य नागस्य प्रमुखे नृपसत्तम । नृपश्रेष्ठी तदनन्तर प्राग्ज्योतिषनरेशने कुपित होकर दशार्णनरेशके हाथीको सामनेसे चौदह तोमर मारे

sañjaya uvāca | prāhiṇot tasya nāgasya pramukhe nṛpasattama | nṛpaśreṣṭhī tadanantaraṁ prāgjyotiṣanareśena kupitaḥ daśārṇanareśake hastīko sāmane se caturdaśa tomara māre |

قال سانجيا: أيها الملك الأفضل، لقد قذف أسلحته نحو مقدّمة ذلك الفيل. ثم إنّ ملك براغجيوتيشا، وهو أرفع الملوك، وقد استبدّ به الغضب، طعن فيلَ ملك دَشَارْنَة من الأمام بأربعة عشر رمحًا من نوع «تومارا».

प्राहिणोत्sent, dispatched, hurled
प्राहिणोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हि (√हि)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्यof that (him/it)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
नागस्यof the elephant
नागस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रमुखेin front; at the forefront
प्रमुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नृपसत्तमO best of kings
नृपसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootनृपसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नृपश्रेष्ठीthe best of kings (king)
नृपश्रेष्ठी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृपश्रेष्ठिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदनन्तरम्thereafter; immediately after that
तदनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootतदनन्तर
Formtrue
प्राग्ज्योतिषनरेशेनby the king of Pragjyotiṣa
प्राग्ज्योतिषनरेशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राग्ज्योतिषनरेश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Prāgjyotiṣa (kingdom)
D
Daśārṇa (kingdom)
E
elephant (nāga/hastin)
T
tomara (javelins/spears)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) escalates violence in war; it implicitly warns that even in righteous battle, loss of restraint can intensify cruelty and cloud dharmic judgment.

Sañjaya describes a combat moment where the king of Prāgjyotiṣa, enraged, strikes the Daśārṇa king’s elephant head-on with fourteen javelins, intensifying the clash involving war-elephants.